This Article Abstract Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Patel, B. P. Articles by Patel, P. S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Patel, B. P. Articles by Patel, P. S. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Lipid Peroxidation, Total Antioxidant Status, and Total Thiol Levels Predict Overall Survival in Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cell Biology Division, the Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, India, , patel.beena{at}yahoo.com

Upendra M. Rawal, PhD

Department of Zoology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, India

Tina K. Dave, PhD

Biochemistry Research Division, the Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, India

Rakesh M. Rawal, PhD

Biochemistry Research Division, the Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, India

Shilin N. Shukla, MD

Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, India

Pankaj M. Shah, MD

Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, India

Prabhudas S. Patel, PhD

Biochemistry Research Division, the Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, India

Tobacco is the major etiological factor for oral cancer development through the generation of oxidative stress. Therefore, markers of oxidative stress such as total antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and total thiol levels might be useful to monitor oxidative stress and predict overall survival in oral cancer patients. The study included 140 oral cancer patients and 50 healthy controls, who were classified as with the habit of tobacco and no habit of tobacco. Adjacent normal and malignant tissue samples were collected from oral cancer patients. Plasma and tissue levels of lipid peroxidation, thiol, and total antioxidant status were assayed by spectrophotometric methods. Thiol levels were significantly lower in controls with the habit of tobacco (P = .033), oral cancer patients ( P = .0001), and malignant tissues (P = .015) as compared to controls with no habit of tobacco, controls with the habit of tobacco, and adjacent normal tissues, respectively. Tobacco exposure was higher in oral cancer patients than controls with the habit of tobacco. Controls with the habit of tobacco who had lower thiol (odds ratio [OR] = 10.58, P = .008) and high tobacco exposure (OR = 0.251, P = .05) showed an elevated risk of oral cancer development. Patients showing a lipid peroxidation level above the cutoff level as compared to patients below the cutoff level showed poor overall survival, whereas those with thiol and total antioxidant status levels below the cutoff level as compared to their respective counterparts showed poor overall survival. In conclusion, lipid peroxidation and thiol could be useful for predicting the risk of oral carcinogenesis in healthy tobacco consumers and predicting overall survival of oral cancer patients.

Key Words: lipid peroxide • thiol • total antioxidants • oral cancer

References

• National Cancer Registry Programme. Burden and care of cancer patients, a consolidation report of six hospital cancer registries from 1984-1993 under the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, Bangalore. Co-ordination Unit of the NCRP; 1996.
• Bagchi M., Bagchi D., Patterson EB, Tang L., Stohs SG Age-related changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense in Fischer 344 rate. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1996;793: 449-452.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Stich HF, Anders F. The involvement of reactive oxygen species in oral cancers of betel quid/tobacco chewers. Mut Res. 1989; 214:47-61.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Jeng JH, Chang MC, Hahn LJ Role of areca nut in betel quid-associated chemical carcinogenesis: current awareness and future perspectives. Oral Oncol. 2001;37:477-492.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Toyokuni S., Okamoto K., Yodoi J., Hiai H. Persistent oxidative stress in cancer. FEBS Lett. 1995;358:1-3.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Yagi K. Lipid peroxides and human disease. Chem Physiol Lipids. 1978;45:337-351.
• Ellman GL Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1959;82:70-77.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Miller NJ, Rice Evans C., Davies MJ, Gopinathan V., Milner A. A novel method for measuring antioxidant capacity and its application to monitoring the antioxidant status in premature neonates. Clin Sci. 1993;84:407-412.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ Protein measurement with Folin-phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951;193: 265-275.[Free Full Text]
• Prochaska BJ, Fernandes CL Elevation of serum phase II enzymes by anticarcinogenic enzyme inducers: markers for a chemoprotected state? Carcinogenesis. 1993;14:2441-2445.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Halliwell B. The antioxidant paradox. Lancet. 2000;355: 1179-1180.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Salgo MD Plasma TAS in various diseases [poster A11]. Abstract from MEDLAB, 12th IFCC European Congress of Clinical Chemistry; Basel, Switzerland; August 20, 1997.
• Bakan E., Taysi S., Polat MF, et al. Nitric oxide levels and lipid peroxidation in plasma of patients with gastric cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2002;32:162-166.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Srivastava DSL, Mittal RD Free-radical injury and antioxidant status in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2005;20:162-165.
• Koul A., Bhatia V., Bansal MP Effect of alpha-tocopherol on pulmonary antioxidant defense system and lipid peroxidation in cigarette smoke inhaling mice. BMC Biochem. 2001;2:14-18.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Yildiz D., Liu YS, Ercal N., Armstrong DW Comparison of pure nicotine and smokeless tobacco extract induced toxicities and oxidative stress. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1999; 37:434-439.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Diken H., Kelle M, Tumer, et al. Effect of cigarette smoking on blood antioxidant status in short term and long-term smokers. Turk J Med Sci. 2001;31:553-557.
• Zappacosta B., Persichilli S., De Sole P., Mordente A., Giardina B. Effect of smoking one cigarette on antioxidant metabolisms in the saliva of healthy smokers. Arch Oral Biol. 1999;44: 485-488.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Sabith KE, Shyamaladevi CS Oxidant and antioxidant activity changes in patients with oral cancer and treated with radiotherapy. Oral Oncol. 1999;35:273-277.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Bounous G., Molson JH The antioxidant system. Anticancer Res. 2003;23:1411-1416.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Mukundan H., Bahadur AK, Kumar A., et al. Glutathione level and its relation to radiation therapy in patients with cancer of uterine cervix. Ind J Exp Biol. 1999;37:859-864.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Cerutti PA Pro-oxidant states and tumor promotion. Science. 1985;227:375-381.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Jussawala D., Deshpande V. Evaluation of cancer risk in tobacco chewers and smokers: an epidemiologic assessment. Cancer. 1971;28:244-252.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Sankaranarayanan R., Duffy R., Day NE, Nair MK, Padmakumar G. A case control investigation of cancer of the oral tongue and the floor of the mouth in Southern India. Int J Cancer. 1989;44:617-621.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Bagchi M., Balmoori J., Bagchi D., Ray SD, Kuszynski C., Stohs SJ Smokeless tobacco, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and antioxidants in human oral keratinocytes. Free Rad Biol Med. 1999;26: 992-1000.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Corrocher R., Casaril M., Bellisola G., et al. Severe impairment of antioxidant system in human hepatoma. Cancer. 1986;58: 1658-1662.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Saydam N., Kirb A., Demir O., et al. Determination of glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase levels in human lung cancer tissues. Cancer Lett. 1997;119:13-19.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Moreno-Lopez LA, Esparza-Gomez GC, Gonzalez-Navarro A., Cerero-Lapiedra R., Gonzalez-Hernandez MJ, Dominguez-Rojas V. Risk of oral cancer associated with tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and oral hygiene: a case-control study in Madrid, Spain. Oral Oncol. 2000;36:170-174.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]

Integrative Cancer Therapies, Vol. 6, No. 4, 365-372 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1534735407309760


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This Article Abstract Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Patel, B. P. Articles by Patel, P. S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Patel, B. P. Articles by Patel, P. S. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?