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Integrative Cancer Therapies, Vol. 6, No. 4, 373-380 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1534735407309484
© 2007 SAGE Publications

Apoptotic Effect of Biophytum sensitivum on B16F-10 Cells and Its Regulatory Effects on Nitric Oxide and Cytokine Production on Tumor-Associated Macrophages

C. Guruvayoorappan, MPhil

Department of Immunology, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India

Girija Kuttan, PhD

Department of Immunology, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India, amalaresearch{at}rediffmail.com

The present study is part of a large-scale investigation of the antitumor effects of Biophytum sensitivum on B16F-10 melanoma cells. The investigation involved the regulatory effect of B sensitivum on nitric oxide and cytokine production in B16F-10 cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and peritoneal macrophages as well as on the apoptotic process in B16F-10 melanoma cells. B sensitivum at a concentration of 10 µg/mL could significantly (P < .001) inhibit production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6, granulocyte monocyte-colony stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} in B16F-10 cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and peritoneal macrophages. Incubation of B16F-10 cells with B sensitivum showed the presence of apoptotic bodies and induced DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, B sensitivum showed an inhibitory effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase as well as bcl-2 expression, and up-regulated p53 and caspase-3 messenger RNA expression in B16F-10 melanoma cells. The observed results suggest that regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production by tumor cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and resident macrophages accompanied by altered inducible nitric oxide synthase, bcl-2, caspase-3, and p53 messenger RNA expression by B sensitivum methanol extract induces apoptosis in B16F-10 melanoma cells.

Key Words: Biophytum sensitivum • tumor-associated macrophages • apoptosis • nitric oxide • cytokines • B16F-10 melanoma cells


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C. Guruvayoorappan
Tumor Versus Tumor-Associated Macrophages: How Hot is the Link?
Integr Cancer Ther, June 1, 2008; 7(2): 90 - 95.
[Abstract] [PDF]