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Effects of an Integrated Yoga Program in Modulating Psychological Stress and Radiation-Induced Genotoxic Stress in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy

Genome Stability Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Department of Medical Genetics, Manipal hospital, Bangalore, India, Department of Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research Foundation, SVYASA University, Bangalore, India

H.S. Vadiraj, BNYS

Department of Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research Foundation, SVYASA University, Bangalore, India

Amritanshu Ram, MSc

Department of Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research Foundation, SVYASA University, Bangalore, India

Raghavendra Rao, BNYS, PhD

Department of Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research Foundation, SVYASA University, Bangalore, India

Manikandan Jayapal, MSc

Genome Stability Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Kodaganur S. Gopinath, MBBS, MS

Department of Radiation and Surgical Oncology, Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India

B.S. Ramesh, MBBS, MD

Department of Radiation and Surgical Oncology, Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India

Nalini Rao, MBBS, MD

Department of Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research Foundation, SVYASA University, Bangalore, India

Ajay Kumar, MBBS, DNB

Bharath Cancer Hospital, Mysore, India

Nagarathna Raghuram, MD, MRCP, FRCP

Department of Radiation and Surgical Oncology, Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India

Sridevi Hegde, MBBS, DCh, PhD

Department of Medical Genetics, Manipal hospital, Bangalore, India

H.R. Nagendra, PhD

Department of Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research Foundation, SVYASA University, Bangalore, India

M. Prakash Hande, PhD

Genome Stability Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, phsmph{at}nus.edu.sg

Effects of an integrated yoga program in modulating perceived stress levels, anxiety, as well as depression levels and radiation-induced DNA damage were studied in 68 breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Two psychological questionnaires—Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)—and DNA damage assay were used in the study. There was a significant decrease in the HADS scores in the yoga intervention group, whereas the control group displayed an increase in these scores. Mean PSS was decreased in the yoga group, whereas the control group did not show any change pre- and postradiotherapy. Radiation-induced DNA damage was significantly elevated in both the yoga and control groups after radiotherapy, but the postradiotherapy DNA damage in the yoga group was slightly less when compared to the control group. An integrated approach of yoga intervention modulates the stress and DNA damage levels in breast cancer patients during radiotherapy.

Key Words: yoga • meditation • radiotherapy • stress • DNA damage

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